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To assist with a breed health survey. – COMPLETE (this action was completed in 2020, with the survey results included in the Breed Health and Conservation Plan) Leading health issues to which Boxers are prone include cancers, heart conditions such as aortic stenosis and arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (the so-called " Boxer cardiomyopathy"), [35] hypothyroidism, hip dysplasia, and degenerative myelopathy and epilepsy; other conditions that may be seen are gastric dilatation volvulus (also known as bloat), intestinal problems, and allergies (although these may be more related to diet than breed). [36] [37] Entropion, a malformation of the eyelid requiring surgical correction, is occasionally seen, and some lines have a tendency toward spondylosis deformans, a fusing of the spine, [38] or dystocia. [39] Other conditions that are less common but occur more often in Boxers than other breeds are histiocytic ulcerative colitis (sometimes called Boxer colitis), an invasive E. coli infection, [40] and indolent corneal ulcers, often called Boxer eye ulcers.

a b c d e f g h i j k http://www.akc.org/dog-breeds/boxer/#standard "Get to Know the Boxer", 'The American Kennel Club', Retrieved 14 May 2014 About 22% of puppies die before reaching seven weeks of age. [43] Stillbirth is the most frequent cause of death, followed by infection. Mortality due to infection increases significantly with increases in inbreeding. [43] The name "Boxer" is supposedly derived from the breed's tendency to play by standing on its hind legs and " boxing" with its front paws. [4] According to Andrew H. Brace's Pet Owner's Guide to the Boxer, this theory is the least plausible explanation. [29] He claims, "it's unlikely that a nation so permeated with nationalism would give to one of its most famous breeds a name so obviously anglicised". The soft tissue in the nose and throat of some brachycephalic dogs may be excessive for the airways, making it difficult for them to breathe normally (causing heavy panting or noisy breathing). Some dogs may also have narrow nostrils making it even more difficult to breathe. Our choice for the best overall phone screen magnifier goes to the GLISTON 3D Phone Screen Enlarger. Designed to be compatible with most mobile phones, the curved screen magnifier enlarges your screen by two to four times.American Boxer Club Illustrated Standard. "The Boxer Bite". Archived from the original on 2006-10-04 . Retrieved 2006-09-22. Boxers are also prone to dental problems, increasing their susceptibility for bad breath; dry dog food that is large and difficult for them to chew improves the likelihood for plaque removal. [48] Plaque can also be removed by crude fiber in kibble, which has a flexible structure that increases chewing time. [49] Polyphosphates are often coated on the outside of dry dog food, which further reduce plaque buildup by preventing calcium production in saliva. [48] Odor production from the boxer's mouth is likely to be reduced if its teeth and oral cavity are kept in healthy conditions. As an athletic breed, proper exercise and conditioning is important for the continued health and longevity of the Boxer. [4] Care must be taken not to overexercise young dogs, as this may damage growing bones, but once mature, Boxers can be excellent jogging or running companions. Because of their brachycephalic heads, they do not do well with high heat or humidity, and common sense should prevail when exercising a Boxer in these conditions. Lively, strong, loyal to owner and family, but distrustful of strangers. Obedient, friendly at play, but with guarding instinct. a b Karla Spitzer (2006). The Everything Boxer Book (1sted.). Avon, MA: F+W Publications, Inc. pp.174–175. ISBN 1-59337-526-3.

Dogs with a flat, wide shaped head, are said to be brachycephalic (brachy, meaning short and cephalic, meaning head). This particular skull shape will often give these dogs a characteristic flattened face and a short muzzle. Although the shape of these dogs’ heads can make them look very cute, dogs with a very flat face and short muzzle have a higher risk of developing certain health issues associated with their features . Some of these issues are outlined below, but for more information on the health and welfare of flat-faced dogs, visit our brachycephalic hub. Breathing difficulties American Boxer Club. "Recommendations for Health Screening of Boxers in Breeding Programs" . Retrieved 2006-09-05. American Boxer Club. "Boxer Health Information". Archived from the original on 2006-08-13 . Retrieved 2006-09-05.Breed health co-ordinators are individuals working on behalf of breed clubs and councils who are advocates for the health and welfare of their chosen breed. They acts as a spokesperson on matters of health and will collaborate with The Kennel Club on any health concerns the breed may have. More information can be found in our article on eye problems in flat-faced dogs . Want to buy a puppy responsibly?

Phone screen magnifiers allow you to set up your phone at the perfect angle behind a larger, rectangular magnifying lens. As a result, the image on your screen becomes enlarged. This way, you can watch videos as if you’re on a tablet and read recipes and text without constantly zooming in.An emerging health concern among boxers is Boxer Juvenile Kidney Disease (JKD), where the kidneys do not develop normally during gestation and leads to chronic renal failure. [41] [42] JKD is most frequently diagnosed in dogs under the age of 3, and often much earlier than this in puppies before the age of 12 months. There is strong evidence to suggest JKD is an inherited condition in boxers with research being undertaken by the University of Ohio to determine the gene mutation, as well as other work separately by the UK Boxer Breeder Council.